What Happens When You Stop Weight-Loss Injections?

Weight loss jabs, specifically GLP-1 medications, have transformed the lives of many people, enabling significant weight loss and an improved relationship with food. However, the challenge of maintaining weight loss after stopping these injections raises crucial questions for users in the UK. This article discusses the experiences of two women who have used these medications, examining the implications of long-term use, the risks of cessation, and the support necessary for sustainable weight management.

Last updated: 16 October 2023 (BST)

What’s happening now

The use of GLP-1 medications, such as Wegovy and Mounjaro, is becoming increasingly common in the UK, with around 1.5 million people reportedly paying for these weight loss injections privately. While these drugs have shown effectiveness in curbing hunger and facilitating weight loss, the long-term effects and the consequences of stopping the treatment remain ambiguous. As users like Tanya Hall and Ellen Ogley illustrate, the decision to continue or cease medication can feel overwhelming, particularly with the fear of regaining lost weight.

Key takeaways

GLP-1 medications significantly reduce hunger and aid weight loss.
Stopping these medications can lead to rapid weight regain for many users.
Long-term side effects of GLP-1 usage are still being researched.
Ongoing support is critical for individuals transitioning off these medications.
The cost of GLP-1 treatments can be prohibitive for long-term use.

Timeline: how we got here

The journey of GLP-1 medications in the UK has evolved rapidly over recent years. Here's a brief timeline of key developments:

2012: The first GLP-1 medication, Liraglutide, is approved for type 2 diabetes management.
2021: Wegovy, a higher dose of Liraglutide for weight management, gains NHS approval in the UK.
2022: Mounjaro (Tirzepatide) is introduced, showing promising results for weight loss.
2023: An estimated 1.5 million people in the UK are reported to be using GLP-1 medications privately.

What’s new vs what’s known

New today/this week

Recent discussions surrounding the long-term effects of GLP-1 medications have intensified, particularly regarding their sustainability and the psychological impacts of stopping treatment. Evidence suggests that stopping the medication can lead to a return of the "food noise" that many users experience before treatment, raising questions about the efficacy of these drugs in providing lasting solutions.

What was already established

It has been well-documented that GLP-1 medications can lead to significant weight loss and improvement in metabolic health. However, the potential for weight regain post-treatment and the need for ongoing support have also been highlighted in previous studies and patient testimonials.

Impact for the UK

Consumers and households

The rising popularity of weight loss jabs has implications for household budgets, as many users opt for private prescriptions due to limited NHS availability. While some users report life-changing results, there remains anxiety about the costs associated with long-term treatment and the prospect of regaining weight after discontinuation.

Businesses and jobs

As the demand for GLP-1 medications increases, pharmaceutical companies are likely to see a boost in revenue. However, this also raises questions about the responsibility of these companies to provide adequate support and information regarding long-term use and cessation effects. Additionally, businesses in the health and wellness sector may need to adapt to the changing landscape of weight management solutions.

Policy and regulation

Currently, the UK’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends extended support for patients transitioning off weight loss medications. However, access to such support can be inconsistent, particularly for those using the medications privately. As the evidence regarding the long-term effects of GLP-1s evolves, regulatory bodies may need to reassess guidelines for prescribing and post-treatment care.

Numbers that matter

1.5 million: Estimated number of people in the UK using GLP-1 medications privately.
60-80%: Proportion of weight typically regained within 1-3 years after stopping GLP-1 medications.
38 kg (6 stone): Total weight loss achieved by Tanya Hall after using Wegovy.
22 kg (3 stone 7 lb): Weight lost by Ellen Ogley during her treatment with Mounjaro.
16 weeks: Duration Ellen was on Mounjaro before tapering off.

Definitions and jargon buster

GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide-1, a hormone that helps regulate appetite and insulin secretion.
Wegovy: A brand name for a specific formulation of Liraglutide used for weight management.
Mounjaro: A brand name for Tirzepatide, a newer drug that mimics GLP-1 to aid in weight loss.
NICE: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, a UK body that provides guidance on health care.

How to think about the next steps

Near term (0–4 weeks)

Individuals considering stopping GLP-1 medications should consult healthcare providers for tailored advice and develop a plan to manage weight sustainably. Monitoring weight and dietary habits during this period is essential.

Medium term (1–6 months)

As users taper off medication, they should focus on building healthy habits, such as regular exercise and balanced nutrition. Engaging with support groups or professionals may help reinforce these changes and offer motivation.

Signals to watch

Weight trends: Monitoring for any significant weight gain or loss.
Changes in hunger levels: Noticing fluctuations in appetite as medications are reduced.
Emotional responses: Recognising feelings of anxiety or stress related to food and weight.

Practical guidance

Do

Consult with a healthcare professional before making changes to medication use.
Establish a support network to help manage weight post-medication.
Focus on balanced nutrition and regular physical activity.

Don’t

Do not abruptly stop taking GLP-1 medications without medical advice.
Avoid reverting to unhealthy eating patterns or emotional eating.
Do not underestimate the importance of ongoing support during the transition.

Checklist

Assess your current weight and set realistic goals.
Develop a meal plan that prioritises whole foods.
Create a weekly exercise schedule that includes enjoyable activities.
Identify triggers for emotional eating and strategise coping mechanisms.
Seek professional guidance for personalised support and accountability.

Risks, caveats, and uncertainties

The long-term safety and efficacy of GLP-1 medications remain under investigation. Users should be aware of potential side effects and the psychological impacts of weight regain after stopping treatment. Furthermore, the availability of support services can vary significantly, particularly for those opting for private prescriptions. As research progresses, the understanding of these drugs' roles in weight management will continue to evolve, and users should remain informed of new findings.

Bottom line

GLP-1 medications have opened new avenues for weight loss and management, but the complexities surrounding their long-term use and cessation present significant challenges. For individuals in the UK, the key to sustainable weight management lies in ongoing support, self-awareness, and a commitment to healthy lifestyle changes, regardless of whether they continue medication. Moving forward, understanding the balance between medication use and lifestyle choices will be crucial for maintaining health and well-being.

FAQs

What happens when I stop taking GLP-1 medications?

When stopping GLP-1 medications, many individuals experience a return of hunger and may regain weight, sometimes as much as 60-80% of what was lost within 1-3 years.

Are there long-term side effects of GLP-1 medications?

While many users report positive results, long-term side effects are still being studied. Some users may experience nausea, headaches, or hair loss, particularly during rapid weight loss.

How can I maintain weight loss after stopping medication?

To maintain weight loss after stopping GLP-1s, it's crucial to establish healthy eating habits, engage in regular exercise, and seek ongoing support from healthcare professionals or peer groups.