Do Athletes Really Back Gene Testing? Insights from Coe

The World Athletics Championships, scheduled from 13-21 September 2023 in Tokyo, Japan, will introduce a new gene test for athletes competing in the female category. This test, which detects the presence of the Y chromosome, has received overwhelming support from athletes and is aimed at ensuring fair competition among female participants.

Last updated: 30 September 2023 (BST)

Key Takeaways

• The gene test for the SRY gene is mandatory for athletes wishing to compete in the female category.
• This test can be conducted via a simple cheek swab or blood sample.
• Over 90% of competing athletes are expected to have undergone testing before arriving in Tokyo.
• The regulation follows previous bans on transgender athletes who have undergone male puberty from competing in the female category.
• World Athletics continues to tighten regulations for transgender and DSD athletes in response to evolving scientific research.

The Introduction of the Gene Test

World Athletics has officially approved a one-time SRY gene test, which will be required for athletes wishing to compete in the female category during world ranking competitions. This decision, made at the World Athletics Council meeting in March 2023, was motivated by the ongoing discussions about fair competition and inclusion in sports.

The SRY gene, located on the Y chromosome, plays a significant role in the development of male characteristics. If an athlete tests negative for the Y chromosome, they are deemed eligible to compete in the female category. The test can be conducted quickly and non-invasively through a cheek swab or blood test.

Timeline and Implementation

The new regulations will take effect from 1 September 2023, just days before the World Championships in Tokyo. Lord Coe, the president of World Athletics, has stated that he anticipates over 90% of athletes competing in female events will have already undergone the test prior to their arrival in Japan. Those who have not been tested will have the opportunity to do so in their pre-competition holding camps.

Coe's assurance that the majority of athletes will be tested underscores the organisation's commitment to ensuring a level playing field. He remarked, "The athletes are overwhelmingly supportive of this, and have been very, very helpful in all this." This cooperation highlights the athletes' desire for a transparent and equitable testing process.

Challenges and Considerations

While the gene testing initiative has garnered significant support, it has not been without challenges. Establishing a testing protocol that is both effective and minimally invasive was a priority for World Athletics. Coe noted that there were hurdles to overcome but maintained that the integrity of the competition must come first.

The decision to conduct testing, where possible, before the athletes reach Tokyo is crucial for maintaining fairness. However, should logistical issues arise, testing will still be available once the athletes are in Japan. This flexibility ensures that all athletes have the opportunity to comply with the new regulations.

Changes to Regulations for Transgender and DSD Athletes

The introduction of the SRY gene test is part of a broader strategy to regulate transgender athletes and those with differences in sex development (DSD). In March 2023, World Athletics implemented a ban on transgender athletes who have undergone male puberty from competing in the female category at international events. This decision has been controversial but is backed by the latest research regarding testosterone's impact on athletic performance.

A working group within World Athletics recommended merging regulations for DSD and transgender athletes, suggesting that testosterone suppression can only partially mitigate the advantages associated with male physiology. Current rules for DSD athletes require them to lower their testosterone levels to a set threshold for at least six months prior to competing in female events internationally.

Financial Considerations in Athletics

Alongside the regulatory changes, Lord Coe addressed financial concerns related to the Grand Slam Track competition, initiated by four-time Olympic champion Michael Johnson. Coe underscored the necessity of a solid financial framework when launching new events to ensure athlete payments are met.

The Grand Slam Track competition, which began in 2025, promised significant financial rewards, including up to $100,000 (£73,600) for race winners. However, the competition has faced issues meeting payment timelines, leading to concerns about its viability in 2026 if these debts are not settled. Coe acknowledged the situation, stating, "You've got to have the finance in place. That's absolutely critical." Johnson has expressed his disappointment and is working to resolve the financial discrepancies.

Looking Ahead

As the World Championships approach, the introduction of the SRY gene test marks a pivotal moment for athletics, particularly in the context of inclusivity and fairness in women's sports. The dialogue surrounding gender identity and athletic eligibility continues to evolve, and this testing initiative reflects an ongoing commitment to balancing these complex issues.

The outcomes of this testing approach may influence future regulations and contribute to a more nuanced understanding of gender in sports. With the backing of athletes and member federations, World Athletics is poised to advance its mission of fair competition while navigating the intricate dynamics of gender and athletics.

FAQs

What is the SRY gene test?

The SRY gene test is a one-time genetic test that detects the presence of the Y chromosome, which is linked to male characteristics. Athletes must test negative for the Y chromosome to compete in the female category.

How is the gene test conducted?

The gene test can be performed via a simple cheek swab or blood sample, making it a non-invasive procedure for athletes.

What happens if an athlete tests positive for the Y chromosome?

If an athlete tests positive for the Y chromosome, they will not be eligible to compete in the female category according to World Athletics regulations.

When do the new regulations take effect?

The new regulations regarding the SRY gene test come into effect on 1 September 2023, just before the World Championships in Tokyo.

Are there any consequences for the Grand Slam Track competition?

Yes, the Grand Slam Track competition has faced financial issues, with delayed payments to athletes. If these payments are not resolved, the competition may not continue in 2026.

How are the new regulations viewed by athletes?

Many athletes have expressed overwhelming support for the new regulations, recognising the importance of fair competition in the female category.

As the World Athletics Championships approach, the implementation of the SRY gene test will be a significant development in ensuring fair competition for female athletes. The ongoing discussion about gender identity and eligibility in sports highlights the need for sensitive and fair regulations. How will these changes shape the future of athletics? #Athletics #GenderInclusivity #WorldChampionships