Could Military Drills Be Behind the Surge of Wildfires in the UK?

Live-fire military training has become a significant contributor to wildfires across the UK, particularly since 2023, creating dangerous situations for both firefighters and local communities. The Ministry of Defence (MoD) has acknowledged the issue, noting that a large percentage of these wildfires stem from current military exercises, with unexploded ordnance complicating firefighting efforts. This article explores the extent of the problem, the implications for local residents and wildlife, and the actions taken by the MoD to mitigate these risks.

Last updated: 21 October 2023 (BST)

Key Takeaways

• Over 439 wildfires reported on MoD land since January 2023, with 385 linked to military training.
• Live ordnance from WWII complicates firefighting efforts, making some areas inaccessible.
• Local residents express concerns over health risks from wildfire smoke and environmental damage.
• The MoD has implemented a campaign to raise awareness about the risks associated with military training areas.
• The situation highlights the balance between military readiness and community safety.

The Rise of Wildfires Linked to Military Training

In recent years, the frequency of wildfires linked to military training activities has escalated dramatically. Data obtained under the Freedom of Information Act reveals that between January 2023 and September 2023, 385 of the 439 wildfires recorded on Ministry of Defence (MoD) land were attributed to live-fire exercises. This statistic has raised alarms among local communities, who are increasingly wary of the implications of these military activities.

The Impact of Unexploded Ordnance

A major concern for firefighters tackling these wildfires is the presence of unexploded ordnance from previous military exercises, particularly those dating back to the Second World War. This ordnance poses a significant risk, complicating firefighting efforts and limiting access to affected areas. For instance, during a recent moorland fire in North Yorkshire, firefighters were hampered by exploding bombs and tank shells, rendering traditional firefighting methods unsafe.

Local Community Reactions

Residents living near MoD training grounds have voiced their frustrations regarding the frequency of wildfires and the risks they pose. Neil Lockhart, a local resident suffering from asthma, highlighted the health implications of smoke from uncontrolled fires. Many villagers argue that the MoD should take stronger measures, such as implementing a complete ban on live-fire training during the driest months to prevent such incidents.

Environmental and Health Implications

Wildfires not only threaten human health but also have detrimental effects on local ecosystems. The smoke generated from these fires can lead to significant air pollution, which poses health risks, particularly for vulnerable populations such as those with respiratory conditions. The environmental impact is equally concerning, with wildfires destroying habitats and altering landscapes, often compared to a "burnt savannah" by local farmers.

Statistics on Wildfire Incidents

According to the MoD, there have been 1,178 wildfires associated with military training sites since 2020. The data indicates a worrying trend, with 101 out of 134 wildfires in the first half of 2023 directly caused by military manoeuvres. This alarming figure underscores the urgency for both the MoD and local authorities to implement more effective wildfire prevention strategies.

Firefighting Challenges During Military Exercises

Fire crews often face unique challenges when responding to wildfires in areas designated as "Range Danger Areas." These zones are typically off-limits to local fire services due to the risk posed by live ordnance. Consequently, many fires are left to burn out naturally, contained by firebreaks but still generating substantial smoke and pollution. This situation can lead to road closures and disruptions for local residents, particularly during peak summer months.

Community Voices on the Ground

Local landowner George Winn-Darley has expressed frustration over the ongoing issue of unexploded ordnance complicating firefighting efforts. He argued that if the MoD had cleared the area of such munitions, the recent wildfire on Langdale Moor could have been dealt with much more swiftly. His sentiment reflects a broader concern among residents that the MoD's management of these sites needs to be more proactive.

MoD's Response and Mitigation Efforts

The Ministry of Defence has acknowledged the concerns raised by local communities and has implemented various measures to mitigate wildfire risks. A spokesperson mentioned that the MoD has a robust wildfire policy in place that includes monitoring risk levels and restricting live ammunition use during periods of elevated wildfire risk. Furthermore, the MoD has launched its "Respect the Range" campaign, aimed at educating the public about the dangers of accessing military land and the potential for wildfires.

Firebreaks and Vegetation Management

To prevent the spread of wildfires, the MoD employs various strategies, including the construction of firebreaks around impact zones and managing vegetation through grazing. These measures aim to reduce the amount of combustible material available, thereby lowering the likelihood of large-scale wildfires. However, the effectiveness of these strategies is often questioned by local residents who feel that more stringent measures are necessary.

Looking Ahead: What Needs to Change?

The ongoing issue of wildfires linked to military training highlights the complex balance between military operations and community safety. With climate change leading to hotter, drier conditions across the UK, the risk of wildfires is expected to increase. This situation necessitates a reevaluation of current training practices and a commitment from the MoD to implement more stringent wildfire prevention measures, especially during peak risk periods.

Community Engagement and Transparency

Open communication between the MoD and local communities is crucial for addressing these concerns. By engaging with residents and providing transparency regarding training schedules and wildfire risks, the MoD can foster a sense of trust and cooperation. Additionally, addressing the issue of unexploded ordnance left from past military exercises is essential for ensuring the safety of both firefighters and local residents.

Conclusion: A Call for Action

The rise in wildfires linked to live-fire military training in the UK poses significant risks to public health, local ecosystems, and community safety. As the frequency and intensity of these fires increase, it is imperative for the MoD to reassess its practices and prioritise the reduction of wildfire risks. With proactive measures and community engagement, it is possible to strike a balance between military readiness and the safety of local populations. How can we ensure that military training does not come at the expense of environmental and public safety? #WildfireRisks #MilitaryTraining #CommunitySafety

FAQs

What causes wildfires in the UK?

Wildfires in the UK can start from various sources, including discarded cigarettes, unattended campfires, barbecues, deliberate arson, and increasingly, live-fire military training exercises. Weather conditions, such as drought, can exacerbate the risk.

How many wildfires are linked to military training?

Since 2020, over 1,178 wildfires have been reported on military training sites, with a significant portion attributed to current military manoeuvres, particularly in 2023.

What measures are in place to prevent wildfires?

The Ministry of Defence has a wildfire policy that includes monitoring risk levels and restricting live ammunition use during dry conditions. They also construct firebreaks and manage vegetation to reduce fire risks.

How do unexploded ordnance affect firefighting efforts?

Unexploded ordnance from past military training can create dangerous conditions for firefighters, limiting access to affected areas and complicating firefighting efforts during wildfires.

What can local communities do to address wildfire risks?

Local communities can engage with the Ministry of Defence to raise concerns, advocate for stricter training regulations during dry periods, and promote awareness about the dangers associated with military training areas.