Is Xi Jinping Positioning China as a Global Military Power to Rival the US?

In a striking display of military might and political symbolism, China's recent military parade showcased not only advanced weaponry but also a strategic alliance between three of the world’s most sanctioned leaders: Xi Jinping, Kim Jong Un, and Vladimir Putin. This event signals a significant shift in global power dynamics, particularly as it relates to the United States and its allies.

Last updated: 26 October 2023 (BST)

Key Takeaways

• Xi Jinping's military parade featured advanced weaponry, underscoring China's military ambitions.
• The meeting of Xi, Kim, and Putin represents a strategic alliance opposed to US influence.
• The parade served as a platform for national pride amidst domestic challenges in China.
• China's rhetoric surrounding Taiwan has intensified, raising concerns among Taiwanese leaders.
• Xi's leadership is being projected as a stabilising force in a rapidly changing global landscape.

The Political Theatre of the Parade

The military parade, held in Tiananmen Square, was not merely a showcase of China's military capabilities but a calculated political performance. As President Xi Jinping greeted Kim Jong Un and Vladimir Putin, the visual representation of their unity sent a clear message to the world. This moment was laden with implications, especially for US President Donald Trump, who reacted sharply on social media to what he perceived as a conspiracy against American interests.

The optics of Xi standing between Kim and Putin during the parade reinforced a new axis of power in the East, challenging the traditional US-led global order. It was a demonstration of solidarity among leaders who have faced international isolation and sanctions, a defiance aimed squarely at Washington.

The Historical Context

To fully appreciate the significance of this gathering, one must consider the historical context. The last time leaders from China, North Korea, and Russia convened in such a manner was during the Cold War, specifically in 1959, when Mao Zedong hosted Kim Il Sung and Nikita Khrushchev. At that time, China was a pariah state grappling with isolation, while the Soviet Union held the reins of power.

Today, the dynamics have shifted dramatically. China has emerged as a leading global power, while North Korea remains economically dependent on Beijing, and Russia seeks legitimacy and support amidst its ongoing conflict in Ukraine. This evolving relationship highlights a significant shift in the geopolitical landscape.

China's Military Display

The military parade was marked by a series of impressive displays, including a gun salute to commemorate 80 years since China's victory over Japan in World War Two. The event featured a range of military hardware, from tanks to sophisticated new missile systems. Notably, the parade introduced nuclear-capable missiles and hypersonic anti-ship missiles, signalling China's ambition to compete with Western military technology.

As President Xi inspected the troops, the precision of the formations and the advanced weaponry showcased were intended to bolster national pride and project strength. The military display was not just a show of force; it was a strategic message aimed at both domestic and international audiences, affirming China's position as a rising global power.

The Rhetoric Surrounding Taiwan

Among the most alarming aspects of Xi's speech was his rhetoric regarding Taiwan, a self-governing island that Beijing views as a breakaway province. Xi's comments about reclaiming Taiwan by 2035 reverberated beyond the parade, increasing tensions in the region. The advanced weaponry displayed showcases China's military readiness, which is concerning for Taiwanese leaders and the international community alike.

As Xi declared, "The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable," it became clear that China aims not only to assert its military prowess but also to unify its narrative around national identity and future aspirations. This rhetoric resonates deeply with a populace that has experienced significant economic growth and is now rallying behind the idea of reclaiming lost territories.

Domestic Challenges and Nationalism

While the parade served to project an image of strength, it also coincides with serious domestic challenges facing China, including a sluggish economy, high youth unemployment, and a growing real estate crisis. By focusing on military pride and nationalistic rhetoric, Xi aims to distract from these pressing issues and unify the country under a common cause.

The growing wave of nationalism, fueled by the narrative of external threats, could provide Xi the political capital needed to navigate domestic discontent. As citizens express their aspirations for reclaiming Taiwan and assert their national pride, the regime seeks to solidify its grip on power by appealing to patriotic sentiments.

The Global Implications

The implications of this parade extend beyond China’s borders. As Xi, Kim, and Putin stand united, it raises questions about the future of global alliances and the potential for a new Cold War. While the United States still maintains a significant military edge, the emergence of such alliances poses a challenge to its influence in Asia and beyond.

Western leaders, many of whom were absent from the parade, are grappling with how to respond to this shift. The reluctance to engage with China and its allies may stem from fears of escalation, particularly in the context of Taiwan and the ongoing war in Ukraine. However, the absence of these leaders at such a significant event also raises concerns about their commitment to addressing the challenges posed by an increasingly assertive China.

Conclusion: A New Era of Power Dynamics

The military parade in Tiananmen Square has underscored a pivotal moment in global politics. As Xi Jinping, Kim Jong Un, and Vladimir Putin strengthen their ties, the world watches closely. This event signifies not just a demonstration of military might but a broader narrative about the shifting balance of power, where China seeks to position itself as a global leader.

With a growing military, a narrative of national rejuvenation, and a defiance of Western hegemony, the question remains: How will the US and its allies respond to this new reality? The coming years will likely reveal the strategies that nations employ as they navigate this evolving geopolitical landscape.

FAQs

What was the significance of the recent military parade in China?

The parade showcased China's military advancements while symbolising a strategic alliance between Xi Jinping, Kim Jong Un, and Vladimir Putin, challenging US influence globally.

How does the parade relate to Taiwan?

Xi's rhetoric during the parade included aspirations to reclaim Taiwan by 2035, raising concerns among Taiwanese leaders and highlighting regional tensions.

What domestic challenges is China facing?

China is grappling with economic issues such as high youth unemployment, a real estate crisis, and an ageing population, which the parade aimed to distract from.

What message was Xi Jinping conveying through the parade?

Xi aimed to reinforce national pride and project strength, asserting China's position as a rising global power while promoting unity against perceived external threats.

How does this parade impact global power dynamics?

The parade signifies a potential shift in global alliances, with China, North Korea, and Russia forming a bloc that may challenge US dominance in international affairs.