Why Build a £175 Million Airport for Just One Flight a Week?

This article explores the complexities surrounding Gwadar International Airport in Pakistan, its significance in the context of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), and the broader implications for tourism and economic development in the region. Despite being heralded as a transformative project, the airport has faced challenges in its operation and integration into the local economy.

Last updated: 27 October 2023 (BST)

Key Takeaways

• Gwadar International Airport, financed by China, has a £175 million investment yet struggles to operate effectively.
• The airport services a limited number of flights, primarily to Karachi, leading many to question its viability.
• Pakistan is slowly reviving its tourism sector, with significant increases in international visitor numbers in recent years.
• Gilgit-Baltistan is emerging as a top travel destination, appealing to those seeking adventure without the crowds of the Himalayas.
• Safety remains a concern in some regions, but many areas are hospitable and welcoming to tourists.

The Enigma of Gwadar International Airport

Gwadar International Airport, located in the coastal city of Gwadar, Balochistan, was constructed to facilitate air travel and trade as part of the CPEC initiative. With an estimated capacity of 400,000 passengers annually, it was promoted as a major international gateway. However, the reality is starkly different. Until recently, the airport operated with no passengers or scheduled flights, raising questions about its purpose and practicality.

Investment and Infrastructure Challenges

The airport's establishment, supported by a £175 million investment from China, is part of a broader strategy to connect China's western Xinjiang province with the Arabian Sea. This has been a significant part of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), aimed at enhancing trade routes. Despite this ambitious vision, Gwadar remains poorly connected to basic infrastructure, including electricity and water supply.

This lack of essential services raises doubts about the airport's functionality. Local residents often rely on electricity from Iran or solar energy, while clean water is scarce. For a city with a population of approximately 90,000, the airport's capacity appears disproportionate to local needs.

Current Operations and Flight Activity

As of August 2025, Gwadar International Airport has begun limited operations, with flights appearing on platforms like FlightRadar24. However, these flights typically average one departure and arrival per week, all connecting to Karachi. Flight cancellations are common, indicating that the airport has not yet reached its potential as a bustling transport hub.

Experts, such as Azeem Khalid, argue that the airport primarily serves Chinese interests, providing secure access for Chinese nationals working in the region rather than benefitting local communities. This has led to increased military presence in Gwadar to ensure safety and protect foreign investments.

The Broader Implications for Tourism in Pakistan

While Gwadar struggles to realise its potential, Pakistan's tourism sector is experiencing a resurgence. In 2023, international tourist numbers surged by 115% compared to previous years, signalling growing interest in the country's diverse landscapes and rich history.

Reviving Tourism After Years of Instability

Historically, Pakistan was a prominent destination on the adventure travel circuit, particularly during the 1970s. However, decades of political turmoil and security concerns significantly impacted tourism. Recent improvements in safety and the lifting of travel restrictions have begun to change perceptions.

In January 2023, Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) resumed flights to Europe after a four-year ban imposed by the EU over safety standards. This move is expected to enhance connectivity and attract more visitors from the West.

Visa Policy Changes and Accessibility

In a bid to boost tourism, Pakistan introduced visa fee waivers for 126 nationalities in August 2024. Visitors from countries like the UK, US, Australia, and all EU member states can now obtain free online visas within 24 hours. Previously, these visas cost around £45 and took weeks to process, making travel to Pakistan less appealing.

Despite these positive changes, travel experts caution that rebuilding trust takes time. Nick Pulley, founder of Selective Asia, notes that while perceptions of safety have improved, the lingering stigma from past terrorism-related incidents may deter some potential tourists.

Emerging Destinations: Gilgit-Baltistan

As Pakistan's tourism landscape evolves, regions like Gilgit-Baltistan are gaining attention as alternative destinations. Known for their stunning natural beauty, these areas offer a quieter experience compared to the overcrowded Himalayas, particularly for adventure seekers.

The Allure of Gilgit-Baltistan

Gilgit-Baltistan is home to five of the 14 highest peaks in the world, including K2. Its picturesque landscapes, characterised by lush valleys and towering mountains, attract trekkers and climbers looking for challenging yet less commercialised experiences. Tour operators are promoting this region as a prime destination for outdoor enthusiasts.

James Willcox, founder of Untamed Borders, highlights the region’s inspiration for James Hilton's "Lost Horizon", showcasing its rich cultural heritage alongside its natural beauty. With the potential for sustainable tourism practices, there is optimism for the development of this area without compromising its environment.

Responsible Tourism and Local Engagement

Travel experts recommend exploring beyond popular spots like Hunza and Skardu to discover lesser-known valleys such as Ghizer and Punyal. This approach can help distribute the benefits of tourism more evenly across communities, fostering local economies and minimising environmental impact.

The Future of Tourism in Pakistan

Despite ongoing challenges, the future for tourism in Pakistan appears promising. Local operators are beginning to recognise the increasing demand and are adapting to cater to international visitors. As the economic situation stabilises and government support for tourism grows, a renewed interest in Pakistan is likely to emerge.

Safety Considerations and Travel Advice

While many areas of Pakistan are safe for tourists, the UK Foreign Office continues to advise against travel to certain regions due to security concerns. Adventure travel companies like Intrepid and G Adventures are committed to adhering to safety guidelines, ensuring travellers are informed about safe routes and local customs.

Visitors should be aware that specific activities, such as climbing and trekking, require a mountaineering visa. This process generally takes around four weeks and is valid for up to three months, highlighting the importance of planning ahead.

Conclusion

Gwadar International Airport serves as a microcosm of the broader challenges and opportunities facing Pakistan. As the country works to harness its tourism potential, the focus on sustainable and responsible travel will be key to its success. With stunning landscapes and a rich cultural heritage, Pakistan is poised to reclaim its place on the global tourism map. What does the future hold for this resilient nation, and how will it navigate the complexities of development and tourism?

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