Could the Cyber Attack on Major Airports Signal a Bigger Threat?

This article explores the recent cyber attack that affected several international airports, including Heathrow and Brussels, which raised concerns about a potential larger sabotage effort. Experts suggest that the incident could be a precursor to a more extensive assault on critical infrastructure, highlighting vulnerabilities in the aviation sector and the importance of robust cybersecurity measures.

Last updated: 16 October 2023 (BST)

Key Takeaways

• A cyber attack disrupted operations at major international airports, forcing manual processing of passengers.
• The incident involved a software named Muse, used across approximately 150 airports worldwide.
• Experts suggest the attack could be a 'test' for a larger, more damaging cyber operation.
• Concerns about supply chain vulnerabilities have been raised, particularly regarding Collins Aerospace.
• The lack of transparency surrounding the incident has drawn criticism from cybersecurity experts.

The Incident: What Happened?

On 14 October 2023, several international airports, notably Heathrow and Brussels, experienced significant disruptions due to a cyber incident affecting their check-in and boarding systems. This chaos prompted some airports, including Dublin, to evacuate portions of their terminals due to safety concerns. The software at the centre of this disruption is Muse, provided by Collins Aerospace, which is integral to the operations of airlines at shared check-in desks and boarding gates.

The Role of Muse Software

Muse is an industry-standard software used by various airlines to manage passenger processing and boarding. Its widespread use across around 150 airports worldwide raises alarm bells, as the current incident may indicate a targeted approach from cybercriminals. Given its significance in the aviation sector, disruptions to Muse can lead to cascading effects across multiple airports, causing chaos for millions of passengers.

Expert Opinions: A Possible 'Test' for Larger Attacks

Professor Alan Woodward, a visiting professor of computing at the University of Sussex, has posited that the nature of this cyber attack suggests it might be a 'test' for something much larger. He stated, "Criminals do these things for money... This was a tester." Woodward points out that the lack of clear communication regarding the incident raises questions about whether it was indeed a malicious act, particularly given the scale of Muse's usage.

Signs of Malicious Intent

Woodward's comments highlight a critical concern regarding the transparency of the situation. "If so many airports are using it, why are we only hearing about three?" he questioned. This ambiguity leads to speculation about the extent of the breach and whether it could be indicative of a broader, coordinated cyber operation.

The Implications of Cyber Attacks on Aviation

The aviation industry has been a frequent target for cyber attacks, with experts warning that the current disruption could follow a similar pattern observed in previous incidents affecting major companies, such as Jaguar Land Rover and Marks & Spencer. In these cases, companies initially underestimated the severity of the attacks, only to discover deeper breaches later on.

Potential Consequences for Passengers

Professor Woodward cautioned that if the entire system must be shut down to ensure security, it could cause significant disruptions, affecting numerous airports and millions of passengers. The potential for extensive delays and operational chaos is a pressing concern for the aviation sector, which has already faced numerous challenges in recent years.

State Sponsorship and Supply Chain Vulnerabilities

Concerns have also been raised about the possibility of state-sponsored cyber activities linked to the incident. Colonel Philip Ingram, a former military intelligence officer, suggested that the Kremlin could be behind the attack, as it exhibits characteristics commonly associated with Russian cyber operations. This adds another layer of complexity to the situation, raising questions about national security and the resilience of critical infrastructure.

Understanding Supply Chain Attacks

The incident highlights the risks associated with supply chain attacks, where vulnerabilities in one company can impact an entire industry. Collins Aerospace, the provider of Muse, is a significant player in the aviation and defence sectors, emphasising the need for robust security protocols within supply chains. As the largest aviation and defence company globally, RTX, which owns Collins, must address the growing concerns about cybersecurity and the safeguarding of sensitive systems.

Lessons from Previous Cyber Incidents

Travel expert Paul Charles expressed deep concerns over the impact of such a large organisation being compromised. He emphasised that transparency is essential in managing the fallout from cyber incidents. Several lessons have been learned from previous attacks, including the importance of clear communication and prompt action to mitigate potential damage.

Building a Defence in Depth

Professor Woodward advocates for a 'defence in depth' approach to cybersecurity, suggesting that organisations should create multiple layers of security to withstand potential attacks. "You have to assume that all systems will be broken into and penetrated at some point," he said. This proactive stance is vital for ensuring that organisations can detect breaches early and respond effectively.

Future Considerations for Cybersecurity in Aviation

The aviation industry must take proactive measures to enhance its cybersecurity posture. This includes investing in advanced security technologies, continuous monitoring of systems, and regular assessments of potential vulnerabilities. As cyber threats evolve, so too must the strategies employed by organisations to protect their assets and maintain the safety of their operations.

Conclusion: What Lies Ahead?

The recent cyber attack affecting international airports serves as a stark reminder of the vulnerabilities within critical infrastructure. As experts continue to analyse the incident, it is crucial for organisations to prioritise cybersecurity and develop comprehensive strategies to mitigate risks. The potential for future attacks looms large, making it imperative to learn from this incident and strengthen defences across the aviation sector.

As we navigate an increasingly digital landscape, the pressing question remains: how prepared is the aviation industry to face the next wave of cyber threats? #Cybersecurity #AviationSafety #CyberAttack

FAQs

What caused the cyber attack at international airports?

The cyber attack is believed to be linked to issues with the Muse software provided by Collins Aerospace, affecting check-in and boarding systems at several airports.

Which airports were affected by the incident?

Airports including Heathrow, Brussels, and parts of Dublin were notably impacted, experiencing significant disruptions in operations.

What is Muse software?

Muse is an industry-standard software used for passenger processing and boarding at various airports worldwide, crucial for airlines operating at shared terminals.

Are the cyber attacks possibly state-sponsored?

Some experts, including former military intelligence officer Colonel Philip Ingram, suggest the possibility of state sponsorship, with particular emphasis on potential Russian involvement.

What should organisations do to improve cybersecurity?

Organisations should adopt a 'defence in depth' strategy, investing in advanced security technologies, continuous monitoring, and regular vulnerability assessments to enhance their cybersecurity posture.